Hydrovacuum pump



T. R. HAYTON HYDROVACUUM PUMP Filed July 17, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet March 15, 1932.

5 7520????0? fiamas A, fi ayfo/z March 15, 1932. T. R. HAYTON HYDROVACUUM PUMP Filed July 17, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 fax/6722607 75077206 [1? fi zyrz @M Patented Mar. 15, 1932 UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE- THOMLAS R. HAYTON, OF APPLETON, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR To HAYTON PUMP & BLOWER COMPANY, OF APPLETON, WISCONSIN, A. CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN HYDROVACUUM PUMP Application filed July 17, 1929. Serial No. 378,900.

My invention relates to pumps and particularly to a novel construction adapted and for use as a liquid piston vacuum pump or as a centrifugal pump when operated reversely.

object of my invention is to provide a self priming pump that will operate elficiently either on air or water or a mixture there of, the result being secured without the use of any valves or moving parts other than the impeller.

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section on the line 11 of Fig. 3; Fig. 2 is a similar view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical sectional view;

F ig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 44 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one-half of the casing; and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 66 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, it will be seen that I provide a I casing composed of two duplicate halves divided on the center line and joined by means of bolts 10. Housings 11 are pro vided for roller bearings to support the drive shaft- 12.

The impeller, later to be described, is secured to the shaft in the usual manner. Glands or bushings 13 serve to prevent the escape of fluid around the shaft 12.

As each half of the casing is identical with the other I will specifically describe but one thereof. It will be noted that in the description, the construction and operation is described in contemplation of the use of the pump as a vacuum pump. Of course for reverse operation the device will operate as a centrifugal pump and the designations for the inlet and outlet will be reversed.

The casing is provided with an inlet 14 that is tangential to an annular concentric passage 15 of generally rectangular cross section as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The wall 16 that defines the inner limit of the passage 15 is in the form of an eccentric rib, the

inner periphery of which serves to define an inner eccentric chamber 17 having an entrance port 18. One-half of the rib 16 is cast on each of the sections or halves of the casing and the impeller operates between the faces of the ribs. However, for convenience I have referred to the two ribs as a single rib. I

At a point adjacent to the port 18, I mount a deflector 19, constructed in two halves, as best shown in Fig.6, and secured to the casing wall by means of screws 20. This deflector, the cross sectional shape of which is well shown in Fig. 6, serves to shut off thepassage 19 except for an area substantially equal to the area of the outer. vanes on the impeller. The lower edge 21 of the deflector is arcuate or inclined, and is positioned to act as a means for deflecting the fluids into the entrance port 18 and into the eccentric passage.

The outlet passage 22 is at the center of the casing, the passage being divided as shown in Fig. 4 so that the discharge is from both sides of the impeller.

The impeller consists of a single casting, the hub 23 of which is mounted on the shaft 12. The inner vanes 24 are integral with the hub and project across the space at the inner part of the casing. At the outer ends the vanes 24 are integral with a solid web 25 that fits neatly between the faces of the ribs 16 on the two halves of the casing.

At the periphery of the impeller, I provide the vanes 26, integral with the web, the vanes being substantially smaller in area than the transverse area of the concentric passage 15. It will be noted that the vanes or blades 26 are arranged at an angle to radial lines and that this results in positioning the blades that are effective at the inlet in a position at an acute angle to the tangential axis of the inlet. This results in the formation of efiectivescoops and requires less lata eral deflection of the incoming stream of air. With the parts assembled, as shown, the

operation is as follows:

Having placed a quantity of water within the casing, the impeller is rotated in a clockwise direction.

The action of the blades or vanes 26 on the water in the concentric passage induces a high velocity, around the annular space. \Vater is continuously being supplied to the said annular space from the inside by being forced centrifugally through the narrow space between the edges of the rib 16 and the web 25 of the impeller, and that water is sprayed or broken up by the rapidly moving vanes and mixed with the incoming air. The whole body of water and air is thrown to ward the outer wall of the annular passage and strikes the inclined surface 21 of the deflector at high speed. All the water and air in the passage, except that between the adjacent vanes is thrown into the port 18 and begins its travel around the eccentric passage 17 Due to the velocity andcentrifugal force the air is squeezed out of the water and being of less mass than the water is forced between the vanes 24 toward the center. The converging Wall presses the body of water between the vanes toward the center, formingin effect a liquid piston. As stated, the escape of water from the center chamber serves to constantly replenish the supply in the outer passage.

The great advantage in a pump of this character is that it is self priming and will operate to pump either liquid or air or intermittently either one or the other. The velocity imparted to the fluid column in the outer. concentric passage insures an eflicient compressing action in the eccentric passage. The extent of compression, or the degree of vacuum that may be secured is somewhat dependent upon the'speed of rotation of the impeller, and this maybe selected as desired.

While have shown the pump as constructed in halves and prefer. to so'build it, it is obvious that it may be modified in this and other particulars without departure from,the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. In a pump the combination of a casing providing an inlet and an outlet, means providing a concentric passage in communicaconcentric outlet, and an impeller having vanes operating in both'said passages.

3. In a pump the combination of a casing providing an inlet and an outlet, means providing a concentric passage in communication with the inlet, means providing an ectial thereto, a deflector located in and restricting the area of the passage at a point adjacent to the inlet, an eccentric passage centrally within said first passage, said deflector acting to divert fluids from the first into the second passage, means providing a concentric outlet, and an impeller having vanes operating in both said passages, the

vanes operating in the concentric passage be ing arranged at an angle to a radial line fro m the center of the impeller, the angle of the blades being such that the blades eflectiveat thetangential inlet are disposed at an acute angle to the tangential axis of the inlet passage.

' In'testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

THOMAS R. HAYTON.

tion with the inlet, means providing an (20- v centric passage having communication with the outlet, a [deflector for partially closing said concentric passage at one point and for diverting a fluid into said eccentric passage,

and an impeller having vanes operating in both said passages.

f 2. In combination, a casing having a concentric annular passage and an'inlet tangential thereto, adeflector located in and re-' stricting the area of the passage at a point adjacent to the inlet, an eccentric passage centrallywithin said first passage said deflector acting to divert fluids from the first "into the second passage, means providing a 

